Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are common illnesses affecting the sinuses, throat, airways, or lungs, typically caused by viruses (cold, flu, COVID-19, RSV) or bacteria. Symptoms include coughing, sore throat, fever, and congestion, usually lasting 1–2 weeks. While most resolve without treatment, lower respiratory infections like pneumonia can be severe.
Common Symptoms
• Upper Respiratory Infections (Nose, Throat, Sinuses): Runny/stuffy nose, sore throat, sneezing, headache, cough.
• Lower Respiratory Infections (Airways, Lungs): Deep cough, chest pain, difficulty breathing, high fever, fatigue.
Causes
• Viral: Rhinoviruses (common cold), influenza (flu), SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), adenoviruses.
• Bacterial: Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumonia), Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes (strep throat).
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